Author, Rory Anderson, Account Executive, Rancho Mesa Insurance Services, Inc.
The total cost of risk is the sum of the measurable expenses that are associated with managing risk within any organization. Every successful business has a process for tracking and measuring performance to improve results. It is important for business owners to keep a pulse on key performance indicators. But, how are you measuring risk related costs? Some people may think that insurance premiums are the only cost associated with risk, but we need to look at the bigger picture.
In fact, insurance premiums only make up one fifth of an organizations total cost of risk. If you are only considering insurance premiums as a way of quantifying your company’s risk related costs, you are missing costs that you have control over. All risk-related costs can be observed and monitored. Also, there are certain strategies that, once implemented, will reduce those costs if executed correctly. That’s what total cost of risk is all about. There are five components that make up an organization’s total cost of risk: insurance premiums, retained losses, internal risk management costs, outside vendor fees, and indirect claim costs.
Insurance Premiums
An insurance premium is the payment that a company agrees to pay in order to have insurance. It is the most obvious component that makes up the total cost of risk and represents an important piece of the puzzle.
Retained Losses
There are two types of retained losses, active and passive. An active loss is simply when you have a deductible. If you have a deductible, you made a decision on the front end to take on (or retain) some of the risk, and pay a specified out of pocket amount for situations involving claims. On the other hand, a passive loss is any loss that is unexpected and not accounted for anywhere else. It could be a loss that is not covered by insurance and therefore must be covered out of pocket by the organization. Retained losses, active or passive, must be included when factoring total cost of risk.
Internal Risk Management Costs
Consider internal risk management costs as well. Maybe you have a full-time safety director. What is their salary? What about the person who is responsible for keeping track of the workers’ compensation claims, or the HR person who is in charge of managing and updating the employee handbook every time a new state law is passed? Calculate the internal hours that are spent looking at safety and risk management, and assign a dollar amount. These are costs that typically can be overlooked.
Outside Vendor Fees
You cannot forget to allocate any potential outsourced costs into the total cost of risk. Maybe you hired an outside firm to complete anti-harassment or First Aid/CPR training for your employees. Did you bring in outside safety consultants? These costs add up and need to be considered, as well.
Indirect Claim Costs
The last factor that makes up the total cost of risk are indirect costs associated with claims. These are secondary costs that are linked to claims. For example, with workers’ compensation insurance, the direct costs such as medical costs, indemnity payments, and legal services are just the tip of the iceberg. Some examples of indirect costs that are not covered by insurance are OSHA fines, accident investigation, implementation of corrective measures, hiring replacement workers, loss of productivity, etc.
Total cost of risk is critical for organizations to understand for several reasons. First, it helps you make educated and informed risk management decisions. You may want to invest into new equipment or bring in additional safety training from the outside. If you don’t know the total cost of risk and the ultimate impact in terms of upfront expense and projected return, how can you make the best decision?
Understanding your organization’s total cost of risk also helps you benchmark your progress towards your financial goals and objectives. It’s a quantifiable, controllable number that can be identified and reduced. It’s a metric that must be used to evaluate the overall success of your risk management process. When an organization is looking at their total cost of risk, they are focusing on the entire risk management function, which ultimately can lead to stronger safety programs and a reduction in frequency and severity of claims.
For questions about how your company can account for its total cost of risk, contact me at (619) 486-6437 or randerson@ranchomesa.com.